NATO continues to support Ukraine's defense against Russia without direct involvement, though domestic political pressures are threatening unity (Politico, US News & World Report, NATO). A qualifying lethal confrontation is one that results in at least three fatalities (total, not each) for the national military forces and/or law enforcement of either side. As of launch, there were 31 NATO member states (NATO). For the purposes of this question, members of armed forces fighting without command authorization are not considered "national military forces and/or law enforcement" (e.g., AP, BBC).

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The question closed "No" with a closing date of 1 September 2024.

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