HMPV is a virus that can cause respiratory disease, and public health officials are concerned that an increase in cases could evolve into a pandemic (The Hill, BBC, CDC). A PHEIC is defined by WHO as "an extraordinary event which is determined to constitute a public health risk to other States through the international spread of disease and to potentially require a coordinated international response" under International Health Regulations, with recent examples including COVID-19, mpox (fka Monkeypox), and wild polio (International Health Regulations 2005, linked here under publications - WHO - International Health Regulations, International Health Regulations - Annex II, Pan American Health Organization, WHO - Mpox PHEIC Declaration 2024).

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